Biplots

Biplots are the multivariate analog of scatter plots, using multidimensional scaling to approximate the multivariate distribution of a sample in a few dimensions, to produce a graphical display. In addition, they superimpose representations of the variables on this display, so that the relationships between the sample and the variables can be studied. Like scatter plots, biplots are useful for detecting patterns and for displaying the results found by more formal methods of analysis. In recent years the theory of biplots has been considerably extended. The approach adopted here is geometric,…